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How to Build a PC-based Robot with Machine Vision
Robots are becoming more intelligent and capable thanks to advances in artificial intelligence (AI) and machine vision. However, building a robot that can perform complex tasks autonomously is still a challenging and expensive endeavor. In this article, we will show you how to build a PC-based robot with machine vision using affordable and accessible components.
A PC-based robot is a robot that uses a personal computer (PC) as its main controller. The PC can run various software applications that provide the robot with high-level functions such as task planning, motion planning, vision processing, and communication. The PC can also interface with external sensors and actuators that enable the robot to perceive and manipulate its environment.
Machine vision is a branch of AI that deals with enabling machines to see and understand visual information. Machine vision can provide robots with capabilities such as object recognition, face detection, gesture recognition, and scene understanding. Machine vision can also help robots to navigate and avoid obstacles in complex and dynamic environments.
To build a PC-based robot with machine vision, you will need the following components:
A PC that can run Windows 10 or Linux operating systems. The PC should have a powerful processor, enough memory, and a graphics card that supports CUDA for running deep learning models.
A robot arm that can be controlled by the PC via USB or Ethernet. We recommend using the Sawyer Robot from Rethink Robotics, which is a collaborative robot that has seven degrees of freedom, a built-in camera, and a gripper.
A webcam or a camera module that can be connected to the PC via USB or HDMI. The camera should have a high resolution and a wide field of view for capturing clear and detailed images.
A software framework that can provide the PC with intelligent robotics functions. We recommend using the Intelligent Robotics Architecture from Microsoft AI Lab, which is an open-source framework that integrates REST interface, task planner, vision system, motion planner, and Robot Operation System (ROS).
Once you have all the components ready, you can follow these steps to build your PC-based robot with machine vision:
Install the Intelligent Robotics Architecture on your PC following the instructions on this website. You will need to install ROS, Python, TensorFlow, OpenCV, and other dependencies.
Connect your robot arm to your PC via USB or Ethernet and configure it using ROS. You will need to set up the robot's IP address, hostname, and network settings. You will also need to calibrate the robot's joints and gripper.
Connect your camera to your PC via USB or HDMI and configure it using OpenCV. You will need to set up the camera's resolution, frame rate, and exposure settings. You will also need to calibrate the camera's intrinsic and extrinsic parameters.
Run the Intelligent Robotics Architecture on your PC and launch the REST interface. You will be able to access the interface from any web browser on your local network. The interface will allow you to control your robot arm manually or automatically using predefined tasks.
Select a task from the interface that involves machine vision, such as picking up an object or recognizing a face. The interface will send the task to the task planner, which will generate a sequence of actions for the robot arm to execute.
The task planner will send each action to the vision system, which will process the images from the camera using deep learning models. The vision system will return the coordinates of the target object or face to the motion planner.
The motion planner will use inverse kinematics and collision avoidance algorithms to generate a trajectory for the robot arm to follow. The motion planner will send the trajectory to ROS, which will communicate with the robot controller.
The robot controller will send commands to the robot arm's motors and gripper to execute the trajectory. The robot arm will move according to the commands and perform the task successfully.
Congratulations! You have built a PC-based robot with machine vision that can perform various tasks autonomously. You can experiment with different tasks, cameras, robots, and software frameworks to enhance your robot's capabilities and performance. aa16f39245